关键词： 脊髓灰质炎病毒   组织培养   学科:研究  

ISBN: (纸本)14048·2472

摘要： 本书主要是讲了脊髓灰质炎病毒的组织培养研究。

关键词： Rabbit Antiserum   Human Seron   Monkey Kidney   Virus Concentrate   Potent Antigen  

摘要： A simple microprecipitin test employing phase contrast microscopy has been described for poliovirus antigens and antisera. The antigens, consisting of concentrates of the 3 types of poliovirus, exhibited typespecific reactions in high titer with rabbit antisera heated twice at 56° C for 30 minutes, heterotypic crossings occuring, if at all, only at low dilutions of the sera. Potent antigens were also obtained from attenuated virus strains. Highly purified Type 1 (Mahoney) virus (fraction D) reacted with rabbit antiserum in a similar manner as the crude virus concentrate. Heating of precipitin antigens of all 3 types at 56° C for 30 minutes resulted in almost complete destruction of their reactivity. Positive precipitin reactions were not obtained with the serum of monkeys hyperimmunized with Type 1 poliovirus;with monkey antisera for Types 2 and 3 polioviruses positive reactions occurred only in a very limited zone, which disappeared after two repeated heatings at 56° C for 30 minutes. Precipitin reactions were readily obtained with certain human sera. Heating of the human sera partly reduced their precipitin titers. Prolonged incubation of the reaction mixtures increased the precipitin titers. Un concentrated virus from tissue culture fluids (monkey kidney, ERK) proved to be an unsatisfactory precipitin antigen in spite of its high infectivity titer. © 1961 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Infectious Disease   Tissue Culture   Cell Tissue   Poliomyelitis   Cell Passage  

摘要： 1. Poliomyelitis virus of all three types, when inoculated into primary guinea pig spleen cell cultures, produced no cytopathogenic effects. 2. Beginning with the fourth, fifth or eighth serial cell passage all three poliomyelitis viruses induced specific cytopathogenic effects comparable to those seen in human or monkey cell tissue cultures. 3. Guinea pig spleen cells harvested from remote tissue culture passages were antigenically different from those harvested from primary tissue cultures. © 1961 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Infectious Disease   Tissue Culture   Virus Titration   Virus Inoculation   Applied Variation  

摘要： By means of comparative virus titrations it is shown that significantly different titers may be found as a result of experimentally produced variations in the cultures used for titrations. The results were obtained by following the cytopathic changes daily in the microscope. The applied variations concerned the following factors: Age of the cultures used, time for last fluid change before virus inoculation and cell number of cultures of same age. © 1961 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： FA   phosphatido peptide   FP   phosphoprotein   RNA   ribonucleic acid   DNA   deoxyribonucleic acid   Versene   ethylenediamine tetraacetate  

摘要： In suspended cultures of Hela cells and in poliovirus infected cells the incorporation of 32p into phosphoproteins precedes the incorporation into RNA;but their specific activities are correspondingly greater in the infected cells. There is an increase in the incorporation of the isotope into the phosphatidopeptide of the infected cells at 130 min. The specific activity of deoxyribonucleic acid is similar in control and infected series, except at 340 min. when it is lower in the infected cells. The speed of isotope incorporation into phosphoprotein and ribonucleic acid is decreased when the interval after exposure to Versene increases. The inhibitory action of chloramphenicol on the 32p incorporation into phosphoprotein is followed by a similar inhibition in ribonucleic acid. Under the influence of the antibiotic the specific activity of DNA in the infected series is depressed during the period of observation. The specific activity of the phosphatido-peptide is depressed in the early phase. The present data lends support to the precursor -like relation postulated between phosphoprotein and ribonucleic acid.

关键词： Life Sciences   general   Environment  

关键词： PFU   plate forming units   RNA   ribonucleic acid  

摘要： 1. The kinetics of poliovirus multiplication in suspended He La cells show an eclipse period of about 90 min, a latent period of 100 min and next a multiplication period during which the amount of virus increases, reaching a maximum about 6 hr after infection. 2. There is a direct relation between the amount of eclipsed virus, VE, to that of produced virus, VP, of the form: VEZ=VP. 3. The amount of eclipsed virus, VE, is also directly related to the early increments in specific activity of ribonucleic acid, [DELTA]i, their relation being of the form: VE= [DELTA]i2. 4. The 280/260 O.D. ratio of the infected ribonucleic acid decreased at 190 min approximating the value for poliovirus ribonucieic acid. 5. The inhibitory action of chloramphenicol on one cycle of poliovirus multiplication is observed in the decreased amount of eclipsed virus, produced virus and the increment of specific activity of ribonucleic acid. Apparently the relations described above are also valid for the system under the influence of the antibiotic.

摘要： Salk poliomyelitis vaccine was administeredaccording to two regimens. The infants in Group A were given the first injection at the age of 10 weeks (median), the second at 14 weeks, the third at 40 weeks, and the fourth at 60 weeks. Infants in Group B received their first injection at 6 weeks (median), the second at 10 weeks, the third at 14 weeks, and the fourth at 40 weeks of *** infants of Group A had serum titersof neutralizing antibodies of 1 4 or greater one month after the fourth injection which was given at 57 to 64 weeks of *** of 13 infants of Group B had titersof neutralizing antibodies less than 1 4 against one or more of the three types of poliovirus one month after the fourth inoculation given between 36 and 45 weeks of age.A titer of passively transferred neutralizingantibodies of 1 16 or greater at the time the first inoculation was given seemed to interfere with response to active immunization.

关键词： POLIOMYELITIS VIRUSES/culture   RIBONUCLEIC ACID/chemistry   TISSUE CULTURE  

摘要： Ackermann et , al. (1959) reported that resting (non-dividing) HeLa cells infected with poliovirus produced large increments of protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA) as compared to uninfected controls. However, the incremental RNA exhibited base ratios similar to normal HeLa cell RNA, indicating that the bulk of the new RNA was not virus RNA. Salzman et , al. (1959) found no significant increase in RNA of HeLa cells infected with poliovirus when the cells were actively multiplying, rather than resting. The present report shows that the RNA in actively-multiplying HeLa cells infected with poliovirus has greatly altered base ratios. This shift in base ratio was detected by measuring P32 incorporated into 2′, 3′ nucleotides of RNA during the period of virus replication. The shift is in the direction of the base composition of RNA obtained from purified poliovirus(Schaffer et , al. , 1960) .

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