关键词： Infectious Disease   Antibody Response   Specific Antibody   Cystine   Significant Positive Effect  

摘要： Highly attenuated cystine-dependent variants of two type 3 poliovirus strains (one vaccine and one “wild”) were capable of implantation in the alimentary tract of children, prolonged circulation in the groups of children and induction of specific antibody *** of intestinal isolates from the phenotype of the original vaccines by the cystine, d and rct/40 markers and neurovirulence for monkeys were demonstrated. An assumption is made concerning the cause of the lack of significant positive effect of an additional Cyd mutation on the genetic stability of the vaccines in the human organism.

关键词： Infectious Disease   Column Chromatography   Characteristic Mode   Distinct Activity   Reduction Test  

摘要： Poliovirus inhibitors present in normal equine and bovine sera were studied by means of radioimmunoelectrophoresis and column chromatography. The inhibitors in individual equine sera were identified as either one of the three immunoglobulins, γM, γA(T) and γG, or mixtures of them, while those in bovine sera were found to be either one of γM and γG globulins, or the mixture of the *** inhibitors belonging to different classes of immunoglobulin differed in their mode of action against the virus. γM inhibitors were characterized by distinct activities in the kinetic neutralization and the plaque reduction tests. In contrast, γA(T) inhibitors were highly active in the plaque-reduction and the precipitation-in-agar-gel tests, although they were inactive in the kinetics of neutralization. There were two types of γG inhibitors. One did not neutralize the virus in the kinetic test, despite its distinct virus-precipitating activity. The other could neutralize but not precipitate the virusin *** of the inhibitors as revealed by dissociation of virus-inhibitor complexes at acidic pH's also differed among the immunoglobulin classes of the inhibitors. The complex formed with the NaIO4-treated γA(T) inhibitor was most stable and was not dissociated even at pH as low as 2.0.

摘要： Fatal paralytic poliomyelitis developed 4 months after administration of trivalent oral poliomyelitis virus vaccine to a 7-year-old child. The strain of virus isolated from stool possessed the characteristics of vaccine-derived type 2 poliovirus. No other enteroviruses were detected. Histologic studies of the central nervous system showed the characteristic gross and microscopic changes of poliomyelitis. Although no history of recurrent infection or adverse reactions to previously administered live viral vaccines was obtained, an antibody and cellular immune deficiency syndrome was demonstrated.

关键词： Agarose   Infectious Disease   Positive Charge   Small Variation   Isoelectric Point  

摘要： The electrophoretic migration of the antigens of six poliovirus strains was studied by immunoelectrophoresis in agarose gel at pH 8.2 and pH 7.0. Differences in migration were observed: the H antigens migrated faster than the corresponding N antigens. A small variation in migration between different poliovirus types was observed; also intratypic variation was noted (most pronounced between poliovirus type 1 strains Brunhilde and Chat). All antigens were negatively charged at pH 8.2 and 7.0, except the Brunhilde N antigen at pH 7.0. This antigen had a slight positive charge at this pH, suggesting an isoelectric point just above 7.0 under the conditions tested.

摘要： Poliovirus antibody response in γG, γA, and γM classes of immunoglobulins in serum was determined after immunization with inactivated (Salk) polio vaccine in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia, in healthy children (control), and in children with solid tumors: Ewing's, Wilms', and osteogenic sarcoma. Serum response in healthy children and in children with solid tumors was characterized by the regular appearance of high levels of γM and γG and occasionally of γA poliovirus antibody. Primary immunization in children with acute leukemia elicited low or undetectable γG and no γA poliovirus antibody response. Most significantly, however, γM poliovirus antibody response was conspicuously absent. Reimmunization with inactivated vaccine in patients with acute leukemia manifested a 2- to 3-fold rise in the pre-existing γG antibody levels. Although reimmunization resulted consistently in the reappearance of γM poliovirus antibody in previously immunized control subjects, patients with acute leukemia failed to elicit any γM antibody response.

摘要： Previous researches (1,2) have shown that guanidine inhibits virus RNA replication in poliovirus infected cells, but has a modest effect on virus protein synthesis. However, guanidine prevents the appearance in infected cultures of two virus protein dependent “products”, i.e., RNA polymerase activity and cytopathic effect (3,4). Since both of these “products” could be sustained by a small percentage of viral proteins, the problem remains unsolved whether guanidine is capable of preventing the synthesis of the respective proteins, whether it induces synthesis of abnormal proteins or prevents activity by interacting with preformed proteins. Since capsids represent a good percentage of virus proteins, it was of interest to examine the effect of guanidine on capsid precursors. To solve this problem, we took advantage of the fact that unless capsid precursors previously synthesized in a drug-free medium are available, low concentrations of p-fluorophenylalanine (FPA), an inhibitor of proteins synthesis, prevent the incorporation of viral RNA in complete infectious virus (5,6). This provides the possibility of establishing whether or not guanidine acts directly on capsid precursors.

关键词： Infectious Disease   Vaccine Strain   Poliomyelitis   Wild Strain   Live Vaccine  

摘要： Sera derived from children immunized against poliomyelitis by different procedures showed variations in their ability to neutralize different poliovirus type 3 strains. Sera from children immunized with inactivated vaccine neutralized the strain incorporated in the vaccine better than the other strains tested; the sera were 5 times less active against a wild type 3 strain. Groups of sera derived from similar vaccinees who in addition had obtained a booster of live vaccine did not deviate from this pattern of *** of children receiving oral vaccine only (Sabin 3 or Usol-D bac) showed a different pattern of reaction. These sera neutralized both the vaccine strain used and the wild strain tested to approximately the same degree.

摘要： Poliovirus RNA was compared with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), mammalian 28S and 18S ribosomal, and R17 bacteriophage RNAs. Acrylamide gel electrophoresis gave a linear relation between relative mobility of the standards and logarithm of molecular weight, and the mobility of poliovirus RNA corresponded to 2.56 ± 0.13 × 106 daltons. Sucrose-gradient centrifugation in three solvents minimising secondary structures sedimented poliovirus RNA at a rate consistent with 2.1 − 2.6 × 106 daltons.

关键词： Adverse Effect   Ester   Infectious Disease   Measle   Acid Ester  

关键词： Infectious Disease   Infected Cell   Measle   Liquid Scintillation   Tetanus  

摘要： Human lymphocytes from donors immunized with poliovirus vaccine and tetanus toxoid supported the replication of poliovirus type 1 when stimulated with these specific antigensin *** blastogenic response of lymphocytes infected with poliovirus proved to be decreased as measured by partial inhibition of DNA synthesis. The inhibition of DNA synthesis was measured by liquid scintillation and radioautographic methods. The inhibition occured when virus was added up to 4 days after initiation of specific antigenic stimulation. Tuberculin-stimulated lymphocytes from Mantoux positive donors supported the replication of measles virus and poliovirus. The blastogenic response of these infected cells was also inhibited.