关键词： 病毒粒子   实验值   计算值   样品室   支架   峰位   第一个   病毒体   散射本底   病毒液   小角散射   小儿麻痹病毒   肠道病毒   脊髓灰质炎病毒  

摘要： X射线小角散射是生物学研究中极有用的技术之一。它能研究溶液中生物样品的结构。脊髓灰质炎病毒(Poliovirus或简称为Polio病毒)的大小,从单晶衍射研究曾由模型估计为304。由冰冻干燥病毒粒子的电子显微镜图得到直径为273。但是在研究Polio-B病毒时,由于Polio-B病毒是聚集在一起的,用电子显微镜方法就难以确定它的大小。而X射线小角散射方法可解决这个困难。本工作用X射线小角散射方法直接测定了溶液状态的Polio-A及Polio-B的大小。它们分别为281和267。

关键词： 单克隆抗体   脊髓灰质炎病毒   小儿麻痹病毒   肠道病毒   抗血清  

摘要： 确定脊髓灰质炎病毒株特征的精确方法,对了解流行病学和研究疫苗的效果是必要的。过去除用病毒基因组的生物化学分析法外,最广泛使用的方法是用异质病毒株交叉吸收过的株特异性抗体进行型内血清学的鉴别。最近许多学者指出,能够用小鼠淋巴

关键词： 人肠道病毒   肠道病毒属   脊髓灰质炎病毒   enterovirus   自然宿主   病毒分类   鸡胚   乳鼠   肛拭标本   流行病学意义  

摘要： <正> 人肠道病毒在目前的病毒分类中被划为微小核糖核酸病毒科(Picornaviridae)肠道病毒属(enterovirus),这一属病毒包括:脊髓灰质炎病毒、柯萨奇病毒、ECHO病毒、肠道病毒、心病毒(Cardiovirus)。

关键词： 合成肤   脊髓灰质炎病毒   小儿麻痹病毒   肠道病毒   中和抗体  

摘要： 作者按Hopp等的方法,合成含有Ⅰ型脊髓灰质炎病毒结构蛋白VP1氨基酸顺序的5种肽。用6种单克隆中和抗体(能分别与不同的中和反应抗原决定簇A、B、C、D、E和F相结合)与5种合成肽作ELISA,测定这些合成肽被单克隆抗体(McAb)识别的能力。结果表明,5种肽中有4种能被McAb所识别。

摘要： HeLa S3 cells were protected against infection by poliovirus type I by the presence of monensin and N,N''-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD), compounds elevating the pH of acidic intracellular compartments. The protection was fully overcome by exposing the cells to pH 5.5 and lower, and at .apprx. pH 6.1 it was reduced by half. Measurements of the ability of the virus to enter the detergent phase under conditions where Triton X-114 was separated from water indicated that the virus is hydrophilic at neutral pH, and that it exposes hydrophobic regions at low pH. When the cells were pretreated with acetic acid, which reduces the intracellular pH, virus entry was inhibited, indicating that a pH gradient across the membrane is necessary for infection. Under all conditions which induced infection, the virus particles were altered to more slowly sedimenting material. Virus bound to aldehyde-fixed cells was altered when exposed to low pH of ***. C. Evidently, poliovirus bound to receptors on cells exposes hydrophobic regions at low pH, and at physiological temperature it undergoes alteration. This alteration may be a necessary, but not sufficient requirement for infection.

关键词： Poliovirus   HeLa cells   Toxins   RNA   Cytosol   L cells   Diphtheria   Virions   Centrifugation  

摘要： The effect of a number of drugs and culture conditions on the entry into cells of a strain of poliovirus 1 (Brunende) wastested. The cells were exposed in the dark to light-sensitive, neutral red-containing virus, in the presence of the drug tobe tested. Then the cells were exposed to light, transferred to normal medium, and incubated overnight. Cytopathogenic effectwas measured as inhibition of [3H]leucine incorporation. Compounds that dissipate proton gradients across membranes, likemonensin, protonophores, and amines, and compounds that inhibit the acidification process, such as N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide(DCCD) and tributyltin, inhibited the entry of virus, but not virus binding. This was also the case with metabolic inhibitorsthat deplete cells for ATP. The same compounds also inhibited the cell-induced alteration of the virus particles. When cellswith surface-bound virus were exposed to low pH, the virus entered efficiently, even in the presence of monensin and *** results indicate that acidification somehow facilitates the entry of the virus RNA into the cytosol and that under normalconditions the entry occurs from intracellular acidic vesicles.

关键词： 毒株   代表   单克隆抗体   Sabin   中和活性   疫苗株   脊髓灰质炎病毒   小儿麻痹病毒   肠道病毒   细胞系  

摘要： 用Polio病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型Sabin疫苗株分别免疫BA1b/c小鼠,取脾脏细胞与SP2/O骨髓瘤细胞融合,得到25株具有中和作用的MCAb。其中Sabin-1型13株,Sabin-2型3株,Sabin-3型9株,它们是一些生物学性质各异十分有价值的MCAb。应用Ⅰ型的MCAb对国内64个分离毒株和WHO6个毒株及本实验室4个参考毒株进行了抗体分析工作,初步表明这些MCAb抗体的特性不同,作用位点不同,可将Polio型病毒毒株分作10个亚型,并能对其相互的抗原关系作进一步分析。

摘要： A method is described that uses commonly available laboratory equipment and materials to detect low numbers of poliovirus 1 in oysters. Thirty 100-g oyster samples inoculated with poliovirus 1 were processed by blending at pH 4.8 in water;centrifuging;extracting the pellet at pH 9 in a mixture of Eagle''s medium, nonfat dry milk, ***.6H2O and Freon TF;and centrifuging again. The supernatant fluids were diluted in water, precipitated at pH 4.8 and centrifuged. The pellets were resuspended in Na2HPO4 and Cat-Floc and centrifuged. The final supernatant fluids (.apprx. 10 ml/sample) were assayed for viral plaque-forming units (PFU) in BGM African monkey green kidney cell monolayers. The average inoculum/sample was 95 PFU and the average recovery from 30 samples was 53 PFU. The percent recovery with 95% confidence intervals was 55.4 .+-. 2.1.

摘要： The genomes of 2 neurovirulent strains of poliovirus type 3, wild type P3/Leon/37 and a vaccine revertant P3/119/70, were cloned in Escherichia coli. The c[complementary]DNA:RNA hybrid method used was efficient and may have wide applicability for cDNA cloning. Overlapping clones spanning the entire genome were obtained for each strain. These were used to produce full-length DNA copies of the 2 genomes each within a single plasmid.

关键词： Amino Acid Sequence   Cloning, Molecular   DNA, Viral/genetics   Endopeptidases/genetics   Escherichia coli/genetics   Gene Expression Regulation   Genes   Hydrolysis   Poliovirus/enzymology   Poliovirus/genetics   Protein Biosynthesis   Protein Processing, Post-Translational   Viral Proteins/genetics  

摘要： The poliovirus polyprotein is proteolytically processed predominantly by a virus-encoded proteinase (P3-7c) that cleaves glutamine-glycine amino acid pairs. The biosynthesis of the viral proteinase, itself a product of glutamine-glycine cleavages, was studied by constructing a bacterial expression plasmid that contained a cloned segment of the poliovirus genome slightly larger than the coding region for P3-7c. The induction of expression of this plasmid in E. coli produced several poliovirus-specific polypeptides. One polypeptide, an unstable protein called 3i, was the product of fortuitous in-phase initiation of translation within the coding region of P3-7c. Three other induced polypeptides were products of proteolytic cleavages, the smallest (polypeptide 3) having the properties (amino-terminal amino acids, carboxy-terminal amino acids, size, antigenicity) of P3-7c. Insertion of a DNA linker into the P3-7c coding region results in the loss of P3-7c specific glutamine-glycine cleavage activity. Evidently, P3-7c was produced by autocatalytic cleavage.