关键词： 疫苗接种   脊灰病毒   脊灰炎   疫苗学  

摘要： 疫苗学不仅要求对免疫系统和特异性免疫原的基本性质有所了解,而且也要求能应用此基本知识制订特定社会、政治和环境条件下的有效免疫方案。使用口服脊髓灰质炎活疫苗(OPV)有两个问题:与疫苗有关的麻痹性脊髓灰质炎(以下简称脊灰炎)病例的出

关键词： 过氧乙酸   乳酸   细菌   病房   杆菌   羟基羧酸   杀灭率   肠道病毒   脊髓灰质炎病毒   小儿麻痹病毒  

摘要： 过氧乙酸又叫过醋酸(Peracetic acid),它是一种优良消毒剂,不仅杀菌谱广,而且杀菌能力强,使用浓度低,消毒时间短,消后一般不遗留毒性,合成工艺简便,是值得推广使用的一种好消毒剂。

关键词： 百日咳菌苗   小鼠接种   血清葡萄糖   淋巴细胞增多   双相   葡萄糖代谢   脊髓灰质炎疫苗   促进因子   霍乱菌苗   激活蛋白  

摘要： <正> 作者研究了用百日咳菌苗接种小鼠后,对葡萄糖代谢的影响,并比较了在不同时间、不同品系小鼠和不同的百日咳菌苗中的差别。试验采用对HSF敏感的N:NIH/RIV小鼠和对脂多糖（LPS）有抵抗力的C3H/HeJ小鼠。百日咳菌苗用DTP和含纯化百日咳菌苗的DTP。菌苗的淋巴细胞增多促进因子（LPF）活性,由注射小鼠后3天测血循环白细胞平

关键词： 树脂处理   水温   升水   炭疽杆菌   炭疽芽孢杆菌   散失率   脊髓灰质炎病毒   小儿麻痹病毒   阴离子交换树脂   抑菌效果   大肠菌群   饮用水   水质指标   溶解氧  

摘要： 溴有杀菌作用。曾用于游泳池消毒。在溴制剂方面,国外发表过13种氯溴合剂。我军已研制成"氯溴三聚异氰酸"用于个人饮水消毒。五十年代以来先后有人做过阴离子交换树脂吸附溴和聚溴树脂控制微生物的研究。载溴树脂是一种不溶性载体消毒剂,可应用于个人饮用水、容器、水井、储水、游

摘要： Formic acid in high concentration is an extremely potent solvent for proteins, particularly for hydrophobic ones. 60% Formic acid, necessary for solubilization of structural polypeptides of poliovirus and other proteins, modified at the cysteines, was used together with 2-propanol or acetonitrile as organic modifier for gradient elution in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Several reversed-phase columns were tested. In each case, polypeptides were eluted quantitatively. It was demonstrated that this solvent system, with its high proportion of formic acid, did not affect the size, hydrophobicity and charge of the separated polypeptides. By injection into rabbits of poliovirus polypeptides, obtained in high purity by chromatography in the new solvent system, monospecific antibodies were induced, the specificity of which was determined by immunoprecipitation.

关键词： 脊髓灰质炎病毒   肢体麻痹   小儿麻痹病毒   肠道病毒   脊灰病毒   病毒分离   糖丸疫苗  

摘要： 1983年春季和秋季,在本市郊县局部地区的儿童人群中出现大量轻度腹泻和肢体麻痹病人,经病毒分离、鉴定结果证明,系由脊髓灰质炎病毒所致。现将实验结果报告于后。方法和结果从1983年1月下旬以来,前后共收集到具有肢体麻痹症状、疑似脊灰患者大便标本12份,计西湖公社1份

关键词： GMT   抗体   灰质   疫苗   菌苗   月龄   血清学  

摘要： 本文报告美国儿童对脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗（IPV）和口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）免疫的血清学应答的比较。作者将2月龄儿童随机分成两组:一组接受OPV(每剂0.5ml,含有Ⅰ型800,000TCID50、Ⅱ型100,000 TCID50和Ⅲ型500,000

关键词： 循环抗体   脊灰   灰质   死疫苗   灭活苗   免疫记忆   免疫性   感染性  

摘要： 首先问世的脊髓灰质炎死疫苗(脊灰死疫苗),在50年代免疫效果不佳,嗣后经过大量研究,于1977年研制成1种高效的无感染性脊灰死疫苗。本文叙述了该疫苗免疫后产生的循环抗体、免疫记忆与对麻痹型脊髓灰质炎长期免疫力之间的关系。

摘要： Immune responses in serum and saliva were studied in Pakistani children by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after natural exposure to poliovirus and vaccination with live or inactivated poliovirus vaccines. Swedish children unexposed to wild poliovirus who had almost 100% vaccination coverage with inactivated vaccineat 8, 9, and 18 months and at 5 years of age were analyzed for comparison. Natural exposure induced secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies to poliovirus in the saliva of Pakistani infants at one month of age that reached adult levels at six months. No difference in levels of salivary antibody at eight months was observed between groups vaccinated with either live or inactivated vaccines. Vaccination with live or inactivated vaccine starting at 2 or 3 months of age resulted in high titers of IgG antibody to poliovirus in serum, the highest of which occurred after four doses of live vaccine. In Sweden, an increase of antibody in serum was observed after the third vaccination. IgA antibodies continued to increase subsequently, whereas IgG antibodies reached a plateau. The SIgA response in saliva initially appeared on the third vaccination, with a significant increase after the fourth. Repeated vaccination with inactivated poliovirus vaccine induces specific SIgA antibodies. Adults all had SIgA antibodies to poliovirus in saliva.

关键词： 病毒株   型别   ECH   CPE   脊髓灰质炎病毒   小儿麻痹病毒   肠道病毒   传代细胞   病毒分离   盲传   乳鼠   中和抗体   脊灰病毒   肾细胞   病原学   病因学  

摘要： 由于近二十年来脊髓灰质炎活疫苗的广泛使用,有效地控制了本病的发生,保护了广大儿童的健康。然而最近几年,在我省一些全程服过苗的儿童中,出现了一些不典型的麻痹病例,与脊髓灰质炎相混淆,给脊髓灰质炎防治工作造成一定困难。因此,为查清这类疾病的病原,我们于八三年六、七、八、九四个月分别在安阳、南阳、周口三地区采集肌松驰性麻痹病例的大便和血进行了病原学分析。现报道于下。