关键词： 硝化纤维   固相   酶免疫测定   酶联免疫吸附   粪便悬液   小儿麻痹病毒   肠道病毒   脊髓灰质炎病毒  

摘要： 酶免疫测定或放射免疫测定技术已用于临床标本中肠道病毒和柯萨奇病毒的直接测定,但对检测粪便标本中脊髓灰质炎病毒尚未找到满意的试验.作者发展了一个以硝化纤维膜作为固相,置于96孔聚苯乙烯板孔内的酶免疫测定技术,使其与配体结合能力比单纯塑料板更好,可直接检测粪便中脊髓灰质炎病毒,不需要纯化或浓缩的步骤.

关键词： 脊髓灰质炎活疫苗   疗效   疗程  

摘要： 我科近年来使用脊髓灰质炎活疫苗(糖丸)治疗扁平疣100例(男41、女59)。治疗方法是采用北京生物制品研究所出品的脊髓灰质炎活疫苗ⅠⅡⅢ型混合制剂,剂量为成人3粒,15岁以下2粒,交病人即刻顿服,半小时内不饮热水,每半个月服1次,3次为一疗程。全部病例服药前均未加任何暗示,除1例在服药期间外用复方硫黄洗剂外,余皆不合并外用药治疗。

关键词： 脊髓灰质炎活疫苗   免疫学效果   GMT  

摘要： 1987年9月以来,我们对86名满2足月儿童3次投服三价脊髓灰质炎活疫苗(TOPV)后1个月和1年分别进行血清学反应观察。TOPV由中国医学科学院昆明医学生物学研究所出品,批号:86—147—7,效期:1988年11月。使用前测定总效价为10~5.3TCID(出

关键词： 粪大肠菌群   肠道病毒   噬菌体   原污水   原排水   卫生微生物学   卫生细菌学   医学微生物学   脊髓灰质炎病毒   小儿麻痹病毒   污水厂   贾第虫病   肠鞭毛虫病   粪便污染  

摘要： 国际水污染研究与控制学会于今年4月1～6日在西德Tubingen市召开“与健康有关的水微生物学讨论会”。大会由该会水微生物学专家组长、南非Pretoria大学微生物学系的Grabow教授主持。世界卫生组织的Helmer等在大会第一篇主旨报告中指出。“尽管微量化学污染在现代科学文献和传播媒介中拥有重要地位,但从全球发病人数和死亡人数来看,对健康的戏剧性打击依然是来自水和污水中的微生物性病原体”。说明水卫生微生物学在当前全世界的现实意义。会上共发表6篇主旨报告,46篇研究报告和72

关键词： 病毒受体   鼻病毒   脊髓灰质炎病毒   小儿麻痹病毒   肠道病毒  

摘要： 科学家发现引起人类疾病病毒的人细胞受体,使预防流行性脊髓灰质炎和感冒迈进了一步。研究者希望在以后的5～10年间设计出诱使病毒颗粒不能附着于细胞表面受体的药物。 流行性脊髓灰质炎病毒受体由哥伦比亚大学的Racaniello和Mendelsohn以及纽约州立大学Wimmer等人鉴定出。Miles研究中心、哈佛医学院和西德的Boehringer Ingelheim

摘要： Incubation of polioviruses with human intestinal fluid is known to result in molecular and antigenic modification of the virion surface. Studies with different inhibitors of serine proteases suggested that trypsin in the intestinal fluid is most likely responsible for the primary cleavage of VP 1. However, minor differences could be distinguished between the final cleavage products produced by purified trypsin and intestinal fluid, respectively. Other enzymes present in intestinal fluid may thus contribute to the modification of polioviruses in vivo. No evidence was obtained a favour of any biological significance of these further modifications. Another serine protease plasmin, which is generated in the body from its ubiquitous precursor plasminogen under various physiological and pathological conditions, was also shown to be able to cleave VP 1 of polioviruses and bring about the corresponding modification of antigenic site 1. This observation extends the potential pathogenetic consequences of the host enzyme-mediated proteolytic modification of polioviruses from intestinal mucosa to most other tissues.

关键词： messengers   Translation Process   CAPS   Vero Cells   Translations   Translation   Coinfection   Poliovirus   Kunjin virus   Hats   Influenza Virus  

摘要： Infection with poliovirus effectively inhibited the translation of Vero cell messengers (carrying type 1 or type 2 caps at the 5'' end) and of influenza virus messengers (type 1 caps) in co-infections. In contrast, Kunjin virus RNA (type 1 caps) and Semliki Forest virus RNA (a togavirus, with type 0 caps) continued to be translated in the presence of co-infecting poliovirus. Translation of Kunjin virus RNA was also unaffected during co-infections with either influenza virus or Semliki Forest virus. Guanidine treatment effectively blocked poliovirus replication only, but the inhibitory effect on translation of cell messengers and influenza virus messengers was still observed, indicating that this effect was not caused by competition in translation with poliovirus messengers. It was therefore concluded that the observed inhibition was most likely caused by cleavage of the p220 subunit of the cap binding protein (CBP) complex of the cell normally required for translation of capped messengers, as reported by others. However, Kunjin virus RNA could be efficiently translated apparently in the absence of a functional CPB complex, except when its secondary structure was stabilized by hypertonic salt in the culture medium.

关键词： 脊髓灰质炎   小儿麻痹   肠道病毒感染   减毒   Sabin   疫苗   菌苗  

摘要： 作者分析了SabinⅢ型脊髓灰质炎疫苗P3/利昂/12a;b株及其神经毒子代P3/利昂/37株核酸序列中10个位点突变的差异并进行了比较.作者按常规方法从P3/利昂/12a;b株和P3/利昂/37株中获得cDNA克隆,用限制性核酸内切酶切割对减毒表型重要的突变位点,经琼脂凝胶电泳和酚抽提纯化后,由T4DNA连接酶连接形成重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌JA221中,重组质粒经CsCl梯度离心

关键词： 脊髓灰质炎   小儿麻痹   肠道病毒感染   婴儿腹泻   婴儿消化不良   疫苗   菌苗  

摘要： 感染性腹泻在发展国家中是导致婴儿死亡的主要原因之一.轮状病毒和其他肠道病毒在腹泻中起主要作用,但目前仍没有用于免疫婴儿的疫苗.最近公布的研究数字表明,

关键词： 早产儿   月龄   足月分娩   脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗   婴儿室   新生儿室  

摘要： Liu医生问:越来越多的早产儿需要长期住院(婴儿室)治疗.这些婴儿应在出院前开始常规免疫接种.根据美国儿科学会建议,新生儿应在2月龄时接种DTP,但不给予口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗(OPV).假如婴儿即将出院,那么由儿科医生在首次门诊时开始实施免疫接种程序.然而,对那些住院期很长的婴儿来说,由于婴儿室里可能发生交叉感染,因而必须推迟脊髓灰质炎疫苗的接种.