关键词： Poliovirus   Cytoplasm   Protein translation   Translation initiation   Polyribosomes   Ribosomes   HeLa cells   Transfection  

摘要： Poliovirus IRES-mediated translation requires the functions of certain canonical as well as non-canonical factors for the recruitment of ribosomes to the viral RNA. The interaction of cellular proteins PCBP2 and SRp20 in extracts from poliovirus-infected cells has been previously described, and these two proteins were shown to function synergistically in viral translation. To further define the mechanism of ribosome recruitment for the initiation of poliovirus IRES-dependent translation, we focused on the role of the interaction between cellular proteins PCBP2 and SRp20. Work described here demonstrates that SRp20 dramatically re-localizes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of poliovirus-infected neuroblastoma cells during the course of infection. Importantly, SRp20 partially co-localizes with PCBP2 in the cytoplasm of infected cells, corroborating our previous in vitro interaction data. In addition, the data presented implicate the presence of these two proteins in viral translation initiation complexes. We show that in extracts from poliovirus-infected cells, SRp20 is associated with PCBP2 bound to poliovirus RNA, indicating that this interaction occurs on the viral RNA. Finally, we generated a mutated version of SRp20 lacking the RNA recognition motif (SRp20 Delta RRM) and found that this protein is localized similar to the full length SRp20, and also partially co-localizes with PCBP2 during poliovirus infection. Expression of this mutated version of SRp20 results in a similar to 100 fold decrease in virus yield for poliovirus when compared to expression of wild type SRp20, possibly via a dominant negative effect. Taken together, these results are consistent with a model in which SRp20 interacts with PCBP2 bound to the viral RNA, and this interaction functions to recruit ribosomes to the viral RNA in a direct or indirect manner, with the participation of additional protein-protein or protein-RNA interactions.

关键词： POLIO   RESEARCH   INFECTION   IMMUNODEFICIENCY   IMMUNIZATION of children   POLIOMYELITIS vaccine  

摘要： A 44-year-old woman with long-standing common variable immunodeficiency who was receiving intravenous immune globulin suddenly had paralysis of all four limbs and the respiratory muscles, resulting in death. Type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus was isolated from stool. The viral capsid protein VP1 region had diverged from the vaccine strain at 12.3% of nucleotide positions, and the two attenuating substitutions had reverted to the wild-type sequence. Infection probably occurred 11.9 years earlier (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.9 to 13.2), when her child received the oral poliovirus vaccine. No secondary cases were identified among close contacts or 2038 screened health care workers. Patients with common variable immunodeficiency can be chronically infected with poliovirus, and poliomyelitis can develop despite treatment with intravenous immune globulin.

关键词： Purified Protein Derivative of Tuberculin   health care facility   Safes   Medication Errors   5'-deoxy-5'-thioinosine 5'-monophosphate   Poliovirus Vaccines   newsletters  

摘要： These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again-perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them at your inservice training *** assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) Medication Errors Reporting Program. Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown ***, close calls, or hazardous conditions may be reported directly to ISMP through the ISMP Web site (***), by calling 800-FAIL-SAFE, or via e-mail at ismpinfo@***. ISMP guarantees the confidentiality and security of the information received and respects reporters' wishes as to the level of detail included in publications.

关键词： 脊髓灰质炎病毒   小儿麻痹症   急性传染病   儿童健康   治疗方法  

摘要： 脊髓灰质炎（poliomyelitis）又称小儿麻痹症，是由脊髓灰质炎病毒（poliovius）引起的严重危害儿童健康的急性传染病，是小儿致残的主要疾病之一。多发生在5岁以下的小儿，3岁以下占88％。本病无特效治疗方法，但可以应用疫苗有效预防。

关键词： 脊髓灰质炎病毒   Sabin2株   VP1蛋白   杆状病毒  

摘要： 目的在昆虫杆状病毒表达系统中表达脊髓灰质炎病毒(Poliovirus,PV)Sabin2株结构蛋白VP1。方法从Sabin2疫苗原液中RT-PCR扩增PV结构蛋白VP1基因,克隆入pFastBac1质粒,转化含杆状病毒穿梭载体Bacmid的***10Bac,获得重组杆状病毒表达质粒Bacmid-VP1,在脂质体介导下转染sf9昆虫细胞,获得重组杆状病毒rBac-VP1。将第2代rBac-VP1感染sf9细胞,间接免疫荧光法检测VP1蛋白的表达,并优化感染条件。结果重组杆状病毒表达质粒Bacmid-VP1转化子可扩增出3 203 bp的目的片段;第2代rBac-VP1的滴度为6×107 pfu/ml,其感染的sf9细胞在荧光显微镜下可见绿色荧光,以不同MOI的rBac-VP1感染sf9细胞,VP1蛋白表达量差别不大,而在96 h内,随着感染时间的延长,VP1蛋白的表达量逐渐升高。结论在昆虫杆状病毒表达系统中成功表达了PV Sabin2株结构蛋白VP1,为脊髓灰质炎亚单位疫苗的研制奠定了基础。

关键词： 疫苗衍生株脊髓灰质炎病毒   流行病学调查   肠道病毒   测序定型   健康儿童  

摘要： 本调查旨在了解2010年云南省昭通市1株脊髓灰质炎Ⅱ型疫苗衍生毒株(Vaccine-derived poliovirus,VDPV)引起的病例的流行病学特征、该病例的排毒情况及其周围健康儿童的肠道病毒(EV)携带情况和病毒型别特征。在该病例的发生地进行现场流行病学调查,连续采集病例粪便标本,采集密切接触者及病例居住地健康儿童粪便标本进行病毒分离和型别鉴定。经省级专家组最终分类诊断为VDPV病例;实验室结果显示病例标本中未再检出VDPV;密切接触者及周围健康儿童标本中均未检测到脊灰疫苗株病毒及VDPV,AFP病例入户主动搜索未发现类似病例,表明该病毒未在当地造成循环;在健康儿童中检测到NPEV 21株,病毒携带率为20.0%;经VP1区核苷酸序列测定,21株NPEV分别属于HEV-A组(11株,3个血清型,占52.4%)和HEV-B组(10株,4个血清型,47.6%)。

关键词： 疫苗相关麻痹型脊髓灰质炎   病例报告   口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗   世界卫生组织   VAPP   二级甲等医院   消灭脊灰   影响因素  

摘要： 口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗（OPV）是世界卫生组织（WHO）推荐用于消灭脊灰的首选疫苗。但服用OPV可能引发个别的疫苗相关麻痹型脊髓灰质炎病例（vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis,VAPP）。2007年我市曾发生1例VAPP,为了解VAPP发生的影响因素,探讨降低VAPP发生率的有效措施,我们对该病例的发病、诊断及其调查处理情况进行报告。1病例概况患儿男性，2007年1月10H出生。因“发热、肛周脓肿1d”于2007年4月5日被市内一家二级甲等医院儿科收入院治疗，入院时体温38．5℃，精神不振，

关键词： Disease transmission   individual-based model   outbreak response   poliovirus  

摘要： We developed an individual-based (IB) model to explore the stochastic attributes of state transitions, the heterogeneity of the individual interactions, and the impact of different network structure choices on the poliovirus transmission process in the context of understanding the dynamics of outbreaks. We used a previously published differential equation-based model to develop the IB model and inputs. To explore the impact of different types of networks, we implemented a total of 26 variations of six different network structures in the IB model. We found that the choice of network structure plays a critical role in the model estimates of cases and the dynamics of outbreaks. This study provides insights about the potential use of an IB model to support policy analyses related to managing the risks of polioviruses and shows the importance of assumptions about network structure.

关键词： Poliovirus   PCR   Inosine-containing   Sequencing primers  

摘要： The Global Polio Laboratory Network routinely uses poliovirus-specific PCR primers and probes to determine the serotype and genotype of poliovirus isolates obtained as part of global poliovirus surveillance. To provide detailed molecular epidemiologic information, poliovirus isolates are further characterized by sequencing the similar to 900-nucleotide region encoding the major capsid protein, VP1. It is difficult to obtain quality sequence information when clinical or environmental samples contain poliovirus mixtures. As an alternative to conventional methods for resolving poliovirus mixtures, sets of serotype-specific primers were developed for amplifying and sequencing the VP1 regions of individual components of mixed populations of vaccine-vaccine, vaccine-wild, and wild-wild polioviruses. Published by Elsevier B.V.