关键词： 图书出版   质量控制   差错成因  

摘要： 质量是出版物的生命。质量意识已成为出版社生存发展的重要基础。就图书的出版流程而言,出版制作环节最能直接体现质量意识的落实结果。 众所周知,一本图书的出版从列选开始,编辑组稿初审,部主任复审,总编终审后将原稿发到出版人员手里,即按发稿单所列诸如开本、版式、装订方式等要求进行设计、配料,然后选厂制版、印订,并按周期要求及时掌握进度,按质、按量、按时进栈。

关键词： 森林防火   火源管理   全民防火意识  

关键词： 内控制度建设   国有商业银行   内部控制制度   金融机构   城乡信用社   风险防范意识   鹤岗市   金融风险   城市信用社   贷款余额  

摘要： 建立健全金融机构内部控制系统,防范和化解金融风险,是当前金融业的首要任务。近一时期,我行稽核部门为进一步贯彻全省金融工作会议精神,更好地落实人民银行总行《加强金融机构内部控制的指导原则》和《关于进一步完善和加强金融机构内部控制建设的若干意见》,对鹤岗市国有商业银行。

关键词： Conscious Sedation   Endoscopy   Gastrointestinal   Premedication   Administration   Oral   Anxiety   Chi-Square Distribution   Child   Child   Preschool   Double-Blind Method   Female   Humans   Hypnotics and Sedatives   Male   Midazolam   Prospective Studies   Treatment Outcome  

摘要： Background: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of midazolam, as premedication before intravenous conscious sedation, on preprocedural, procedural, and post-procedural patient comfort and anxiety in children undergoing endoscopy. Methods: A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study was conducted in 123 children (age 7.75 +/- 4.46 years, 56% male) using oral midazolam (0.5 mg/kg, maximum 20 mg) as a premedication before insertion of an intravenous access device (IV) and upper endoscopy. Patients were evaluated with regard to changes in vital signs, level of sedation during IV placement, level of pre-and post-procedure conscious sedation, ease of separation from parents, ease and duration of procedure, recovery time, and amnesia to objects shown before IV placement and immediately before the start of the procedure. Results: A significant difference was noted in the study group for the following parameters: level of sedation for IV placement (p < 0.0001), pre-procedural sedation (p < 0.001), ease of IV insertion (p < 0.003), ease of separation from parents (p = 0.022), and ease of the nursing personnel's ability to monitor the patient during the procedure (p = 0.0012). The patient's amnesia to an object shown immediately before beginning the endoscopy was increased (p < 0.001). Patients and parents were also more satisfied with the procedure process (p < 0.05). No significant difference was noted with regard to the length or performance of the procedure or recovery time or in the dose of IV medication required for successful completion of the endoscopy. Conclusion: Oval midazolam is an effective and safe premedication for children undergoing upper endoscopy and should be used in all anxious children and in patients previously judged to be difficult to sedate.

关键词： ethanol   baroreflex sensitivity   ovariectomy   gender  

摘要： Our previous studies have shown that ethanol attenuates baroreflex control of heart rate in male rats. The present study investigated whether this effect of ethanol is gender-related, and whether it involves hormonal factors. The effect of intragastric administration of ethanol or equal volume of water on baroreflex-mediated decreases in heart rate in response to increments in blood pressure evoked by phenylephrine were evaluated in conscious age-matched male and female Sprague-Dawley rats as well as in ovariectomized rats. Baroreflex curves relating changes in blood pressure and associated heart rate responses were constructed, and the slopes of the regression lines were taken as a measure of baroreflex sensitivity. Phenylephrine (1-16 mu g kg(-1), i.v.) elicited dose-dependent presser responses that were similar in all groups of rats. However, the associated reflex bradycardic responses depended on the rat preparation and the dose of ethanol employed. In water-treated (control) animals, significantly (P < 0.05) lesser reflex bradycardic responses were observed in female compared with male rats (baroreflex sensitivity, -1.21 +/- 0.12 vs. -1.67 +/- 0.12 beats min(-1) mmHg(-1)). Ovariectomy resulted in a further reduction in baroreflex sensitivity (-0.82 +/- 0.06 beats min(-1) mmHg(-1)), suggesting a favorable role for ovarian hormones in baroreflex modulation. In male rats, ethanol (0.25, 0.5, or 1 g kg(-1), intragastric) elicited dose-related decreases in reflex bradycardic responses. The reduction in the regression coefficient obtained by the two higher doses (0.5 and 1 g kg(-1)) of ethanol was statistically significant compared with control values. The ability of ethanol to reduce baroreflex sensitivity appears to be gender-independent as it was similarly demonstrated in intact female rats. In contrast, ethanol had no effect on reflex bradycardic responses in ovariectomized rats at any of the doses tested. The data suggest that ethanol reduces baroreflex control

关键词： 玉米制种   种子质量   种子生产   杂交玉米种子   亲本种子   制种质量   质量管理   合格率   生产企业   制种花期  

摘要： 农业部全国农作物种子质量监督检验测试中心受农业部的委托于１９９８年７月２８日至８月２８日组织有关单位的检验员对北京、河北、山西、内蒙古、辽宁、吉林和山东等７个省、自治区、直辖市的３０个杂交玉米种子生产企业进行玉米制种花期田检，其中，抽检国营种子公司２...

关键词： 内部审计   审计风险意识   审计证据   被审计单位   审计报告   审计质量   内部审计机构   内部审计人员   内部审计风险   内部审计工作  

摘要： 随着《行政诉讼法》、《国家赔偿法》、《行政处罚法》、《行政复议条例》等法律法规的颁布实施,被审计单位法律意识的不断增强,以及审计客体的复杂化,审计风险越来越大,如何控制、防范审计风险,提高审计质量,维护审计权威,不仅是外部审计面临的问题,也是内部审计需要面对的课题,内部审计同样存在审计风险。

关键词： 国有企业   内部人控制   企业管理   意识形态  

关键词： anaesthetics i.v., propofol   pharmacokinetics, propofol   surgery, dental   psychological responses  

摘要： Infusion of propofol by a target-controlled infusion (TCI) system is effective in achieving conscious sedation for anxious patients presenting for dental surgery. It is a common clinical observation that anxious patients require more anaesthetic drugs than non-anxious individuals. In study 1 we have defined blood propofol concentrations necessary for conscious sedation in both anxious (n = 23) and non-anxious (n = 18) patients. The pump performance of the TCI system, using Gepts' pharmacokinetic model, was evaluated in these two patient groups. Subsequently, clearance of propofol was compared in the two groups. Mean measured venous serum propofol concentrations obtained between 20 and 35 min after the optimal sedation level was reached were 1.6 (so 0.2) mu g ml(-1) in the anxious patients compared with 1.7 (0.3) mu g ml(-1) in the control group (study 1 and 1.4 (0.27) mu g ml(-1) in study 2. The pump systematically overpredicted measured propofol concentrations in both groups (study 1). There was no significant difference in propofol clearance between the two groups. In study 2, an optimized set of microconstants was derived which should more accurately predict the pharmacokinetic profile of the anxious population and this set was tested prospectively in another group of 12 anxious dental patients. Bias and precision with the optimized kinetic set were significantly less than the values obtained in study 1. We conclude that there was no significant pharmacokinetic differences between anxious and non-anxious subjects receiving subanaesthetic doses of propofol for conscious sedation.

关键词： nitric oxide   gastric emptying   pyloric tone   transpyloric flow  

摘要： The role of nitric oxide (NO) mechanisms in control of pyloric function and transpyloric flow were investigated in six conscious dogs. Antropyloroduodenal motility, transpyloric how, and gastric emptying were measured 15 min after intravenous injection of 100 mi of either saline, L-arginine (50 mg/kg), L-NNA (5 mg/kg), or L-arginine (50 mg/kg) followed by L-NNA (5 mg/kg). Infusion of L-NNA was associated with retardation of gastric emptying (65 +/- 6%) in the first 30 min, in comparison to the saline (90 +/- 3%) or L-arginine (90 +/- 2%). This effect was prevented by infusion of L-arginine prior to L-NNA, after which 89 +/- 3% of the liquid emptied in 30 min. There was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the number and volume of flow pulses, and,an increase in pyloric tone (P < 0.05) after L-NNA in comparison to the other three test conditions. There were no differences, however, in the number of antropyloric or isolated pyloric pressure waves under the four conditions. Our findings suggest that NO mechanisms influence gastric emptying and transpyloric flow of nonnutrient liquids by altering the pyloric tone, thus increasing resistance to flow.