关键词： 意识形态   社会控制  

摘要： 意识形态的社会控制功能集中表现在 :优化社会控制目标。

摘要： The enormous advances in science promise infinite potential in a world that, paradoxically, has become distinctly finite. The benefits of science are offset by adverse unintended effects. They are perpetuated by the structure of technological development and the underlying assumptions within the world view that brought forth those benefits. Causal layered analysis is a futures research tool that enables the creation of transformative spaces in which we can envisage alternative and preferred futures. It focuses on the deeper dimensions, questioning our assumptions and exposing the contradictions and our prejudices. It is applied here to the introduction of genetic engineering in agriculture in New Zealand as a means to illustrate a role for science whereby the "disruption and chaos" may be minimised if not eliminated. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 中国   固定资产投资   投资效益   项目管理   工程监理制度   经济意识   项目投资  

关键词： concurrency control   data replication   real-time transaction processing   two-phase commit   two-phase locking (2PL)   optimistic concurrency control (OCC)   optimistic two-phase locking (O2PL)  

摘要： Data replication can help database systems meet the stringent temporal constraints of current real-time applications, especially Web-based directory and electronic commerce services. A prerequisite for realizing the benefits of replication, however, is the development of high-performance concurrency control mechanisms. In this paper, we present managing isolation in replicated real-time object repositories (MIRROR), a concurrency control protocol specifically designed for firm-deadline applications operating on replicated real-time databases. MIRROR augments the classical O2PL concurrency control protocol with a novel state-based real-time conflict resolution mechanism. In this scheme, the choice of conflict resolution method is a dynamic function of the states of the distributed transactions involved in the conflict. A feature of the design is that acquiring the state knowledge does not require inter-site communication or synchronization, nor does it require modifications to the two-phase commit protocol. Using a detailed simulation model, we compare MIRROR's performance against the real-time versions of a representative set of classical replica concurrency control protocols for a range of transaction workloads and system configurations. Our performance studies show that (a) the relative performance characteristics of these protocols in the real-time environment can be significantly different from their performance in a traditional (non-real-time) database system, (b) MIRROR provides the best performance in both fully and partially replicated environments for real-time applications with low to moderate update frequencies, and (c) MIRROR's simple to implement conflict resolution mechanism works almost as well as more sophisticated strategies. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： surgery, dental   anaesthesia, dental   anaesthetics, volatile, sevoflurane   conscious sedation  

摘要： We studied 411 children aged 3-10 years who were referred for dental treatment. They were randomly allocated to have inhalation conscious sedation with either sevoflurane/nitrous oxide mixture or nitrous oxide alone. Dental treatment was satisfactorily completed in 215/241 children who were given sevoflurane/nitrous oxide mixture (89%) compared with 89/170 who were given nitrous oxide alone (52%) (Chi square 70.3, p<0.0001). All children remained conscious and responsive to verbal contact throughout the treatment and in the recovery room. No adverse side-effects were recorded in either group and there were no significant differences in oxygen saturation, heart rate, recovery profile, or time to discharge home between the groups. The study concluded that, for every 100 children treated with sevoflurane/nitrous oxide mixture, 37 children would be saved a general anaesthetic if given combined sevoflurane and nitrous oxide mixture rather than nitrous oxide alone. The use of sevoflurane in low concentrations 0.1-0.3% to supplement nitrous oxide and oxygen for inhalation conscious sedation is safe, practical, and significantly more effective than nitrous oxide alone in children having dental treatment.

关键词： 控制   医院感染   意识   职业道德   法制观念  

摘要： 目的 强化控制医院感染意识,减少医院感染。方法 加强医务人员的职业道德教育和增强医务人员的法制观念。结果 提高医务人员安全卫生意识和依法行医观念。结论 医院感染管理水平直接影响医院的医疗质量,加强医院感染管理,减少医疗活动中不安全因素,降低医院感染发生率。

关键词： 索赔   预控意识   工程建设   承包商   业主   合同  

摘要： 概述了索赔事件发生的客观性及公平、公正处理索赔的实际意义。阐述了加入WTO带来的机遇和挑战,告诫业主应有加强索赔预控意识的紧迫感。论述了控制减少索赔的主要途径。剖析了业主引起索赔的诱因和进行预控的主要对策和措施。

关键词： nonorganic insomnia   depression   controls   polysomnography   subjective sleep quality   awakening quality   trazodone  

摘要： Utilizing Polysomnography (PSG) and psychometry, objective and subjective sleep and awakening quality was investigated in I I drug-free patients (five females, six males) aged 35-75 years (mean age 54.1 +/- 11.4) suffering from nonorganic insomnia (F 51.0) related to a depressive episode (F 32) or recurrent depressive disorder (F 33), as compared with 11 age- and sex-matched normal controls (five females, six males) aged 36-75 years (mean age 53.0 +/- 13.5). PSG demonstrated decreased sleep efficiency, total sleep time (TST), total sleep period (TSP) and sleep stage S2, as well as increased wakefulness during TSP, early morning awakening, sleep latency to S1, S2, S3 and sleep stage SI in depressed patients, Subjective sleep quality and the total score of the Self-Assessnient of Sleep and Awakening Quality Scale (SSA) were deteriorated as were morning and evening well being, drive, mood and fine motor activity right. Evening and morning blood pressure, the O-2 desaturation index and periodic leg movement (PLM) index were increased. In a subsequent acute, placebo-controlled cross-over design study, the acute effects of 100 mg of trazodone, a serotonin reuptake inhibitor with a sedative action due to 5-HT2 and alpha (1) receptor blockade, were investigated in the patients. As compared with placebo, trazodone induced an increase in sleep efficiency (primary target variable), TST, TSP and SWS (S3 + S4), as well as a decrease in wakefulness during the TSP, early morning awakening and S2. There was no change in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep with the exception of an increase in the REM duration in minutes. Trazodone also caused an improvement in subjective sleep quality, affectivity, numerical memory and somatic complaints. All respiratory variables remained within normal limits. Critical flicker frequency and morning diastolic blood pressure were decreased, The present study demonstrated that depression induced significant changes in objective and subjective sleep and awa

关键词： 足球运动员   控制球   进攻方  

摘要： 介绍两种强化和提高足球运动员的集体控球意识和能力的方法。

关键词： Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis   Bacterial Proteins/genetics   Bacterial Proteins/metabolism   Chloramphenicol/pharmacology   Erythromycin/pharmacology   Escherichia coli/genetics   Escherichia coli/metabolism   Escherichia coli Proteins   Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial   Peptide Chain Termination, Translational   Peptidyl Transferases/antagonists & inhibitors   Peptidyl Transferases/metabolism   Protein Biosynthesis   Ribosomes/metabolism   RNA, Bacterial/genetics   RNA, Bacterial/metabolism   RNA, Messenger/genetics   RNA, Messenger/metabolism   RNA, Ribosomal/metabolism   RNA, Transfer/metabolism   RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/metabolism   Tryptophan/metabolism   Tryptophanase/biosynthesis   Tryptophanase/genetics