摘要： Background: Patients undergoing EUS usually receive intravenously administered sedative medication. A double-blind, prospective, randomized trial was conducted to compare midazolam with a placebo for EUS of the esophagus and stomach and to assess patient tolerance and endoscopic feasibility. Methods: A total of 111 patients were randomized to receive midazolam or a placebo. Patients used a visual analogue scale to score pre-EUS anxiety and tolerance for the procedure. Endoscopists used a visual analogue scale to score ease of echoendoscope introduction and overall patient cooperation. Subsequent to EUS, patients were asked if they were willing to undergo the procedure under the same conditions. Results: The patients' visual analogue scale scores indicated that tolerance for the introduction of the echoendoscope and the procedure overall were both significantly better in the midazolam group. Overall patient tolerance was predicted by sedation (p < 0.001) and pre-EUS anxiety (p = 0.024). Endoscopists' visual analogue scale scores showed that ease of echoendoscope introduction was significantly better in the midazolam group. There was no significant difference in overall patient cooperation during the procedure. There were no significant differences in introduction time, total procedure time, or patients' willingness to undergo the procedure under the same conditions. Conclusions: EUS of the esophagus and stomach without intravenous sedation is feasible for endoscopists and patients. Patients prefer intravenous administration of midazolam. Assessment of anxiety before EUS may indicate whether administration of midazolam can improve tolerance for the individual patient.

关键词： GLUCONEOGENESIS   GLUCAGON   ADRENALINE  

摘要： Epinephrine increases net hepatic glucose output (NHGO) mainly via increased gluconeogenesis, whereas glucagon increases NHGO mainly via increased glycogenolysis. The aim of the present study was to determine how the two hormones interact in controlling glucose production. In 18-h-fasted conscious dogs, a pancreatic clamp initially fixed insulin and glucagon at basal levels, following which one of four protocols was instituted. In G + E, glucagon (1.5 ng . kg1 . -1; portally) and epinephrine (50 ng . kg1 . -1; peripherally) were increased; in G, glucagon was increased alone; in E, epinephrine was increased alone; and in C, neither was increased. In G, E, and C, glucose was infused to match the hyperglycemia seen in G + E (~250 mg/dl). The areas under the curve for the increase in NHGO, after the change in C was subtracted, were as follows: G = 661 +- 185, E = 424 +- 158, G + E = 1,178 +- 57 mg/kg. Therefore, the overall effects of the two hormones on NHGO were additive. Additionally, glucagon exerted its full glycogenolytic effect, whereas epinephrine exerted its full gluconeogenic effect, such that both processes increased significantly during concurrent hormone administration. [PERIODICAL ABSTRACT]

关键词： 钢琴慢练   钢琴学习   意识控制   钢琴教学   钢琴弹奏   手指动作   弹奏技巧  

摘要： 钢琴慢练是解决钢琴学习中的困难最有效途径之一,也是弹好钢琴的必经之路。其真谛在于通过速度的放慢,手指动作的减缓去加强大脑意识的控制能力,使手指动作完全服从于有目的的意识控制。

关键词： 意识形态   国家   国家形态   控制   知识经济   经济的知识  

摘要： 在知识经济时代和改革开放的今天,政治体制改革迫在眉睫,从理论上弄清楚国家与意识形态的关系,弄清楚国家如何利用科学知识和意识形态控制自然界和社会,控制人的意识等问题,具有非常迫切的理论和现实意义。本文试图以马克思的唯物史观为基础,谈谈对这些问题的看法。

关键词： ANGIOTENSIN-receptor blockers   BAROREFLEXES   HEART beat   ARGININE   SODIUM nitroferricyanide  

摘要： This study reports the effects of angiotensin II (ANG II), arginine vasopression (AVP), phenylephrine (PE), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on baroreflex control of heart rate in the presence and absence of the area postrema (AP) in conscious mice. In intact, sham-lesioned mice, baroreflex-induced decreases in heart rate due to increases in arterial pressure with intravenous infusions of ANG II were significantly less than those observed with similar increases in arterial pressure with PE (slope: 3.0 plus or minus 0.9 vs. 8.1 plus or minus 1.5 beats). Baroreflex-induced decreases in heart rate due to increases in arterial pressure with intravenous infusions of AVP were the same as those observed with PE in sham animals (slope: 5.8 plus or minus 0.7 vs. 8.1 plus or minus 1.5 beats). After the AP was lesioned, the slope of baroreflex inhibition of heart rate was the same whether pressure was increased with ANG II, AVP, or PE. The slope of the baroreflex-induced increases in heart rate due to decreases in arterial blood pressure with SNP were the same in sham- and AP-lesioned animals. These results indicate that, similar to other species, in mice the ability of ANG II to acutely reset baroreflex control of heart rate is dependent on an intact AP. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

关键词： 艰苦创业意识   造价管理   投资   工程造价   工业建设  

摘要： 1 节省设计投资的必要性与迫切性对于工业建设来说,降低工程造价首先要从设计抓起.我国累计完成基本建设投资近13万亿元,建成投产的基建、技改项目上百万个,其中大中型和限额以上项目4300多个,有力促进了国发经济的发展,大大增强了综合国力.

关键词： 全球化   意识形态   控制权   中国   西方文化   传统文化   马克思主义   民族文化  

摘要： 我国加入WTO后 ,在全球化进程不断加速的历史语境中 ,我们在看待传统文化、看待意识领域的控制权问题上所持的态度应是 :不能夸大全球化时代西方文化、西方非马克思主义思想理论对我国的影响 ;中华民族对自己的历史抉择有着坚定的民族自信 ,对传统文化和马克思主义这一普遍真理有着坚定的思想自信 ,传统文化必将实现向现代的转换 。

关键词： 小清河水库   工程施工   质量控制   八五三农场   质量管理  

摘要： 八五三农场小清河水库是2002年度垦区的重点水利工程项目,是一座以城镇供水、防洪为主,兼顾灌溉旅游等综合利用的小(I)型水库,其中溢洪道是本项目的点睛工程,它的质量好坏举足轻重。 该工程在垦区小型水利工程中是一项工程量较大、质量要求高的项目,混凝土总量1800立方米,土石方量3万立方米。八五三农场水利总公司本着创名牌工程,铸精品建筑的精神,始终贯彻“全员的质量意识和全过程质量控制”的施工方法,使工程质量一直保持良性发展。现在,工程外观、结构尺寸、质量强度全部达到国家标准,受到各级业务部门和领导的好评。回顾本工程的施工过程,主要有以下几点经验。

关键词： 劳动防护用品   企业   企业管理   建筑施工安全   建筑事故   意识  

摘要： 据不完全统计,去年1月1日至今年6月30日,全区建筑企业共发生各类伤亡事故156起,死亡1 40人.其中,今年上半年,建筑施工安全事故47起,同比上升23.9%,事故起数和死亡人数在工矿企业中位居第二位.在这些事故中,由于劳动防护用品不合格、防护措施不当而导致高处坠落、坍塌类事故占56.8%.

关键词： Sustainable agriculture   Environmentalism   Green marketing   Marketing   Turf management   Lawns   Pesticides   Agricultural runoff   Fertilizers   Water pollution  

摘要： The study investigates the relationship between environmental attitudes and behavioral responses. Preceded by factor analysis, correlation and regression procedures were used to analyze data from a survey of nonusers of commercial lawn care services. The study found that the respondent's opinions about the nation's more serious environmental issues (EI), specific lawn care issues (LCC), and conscious environmental initiatives (EC) were significant (p<.01; p<.0001) but weak predictors of ecologically conscious consumer behavior (EA). Further, efforts to control lawn runoffs (CLR), a specific ecologically conscious consumer behavior, was found to be significantly related (p<.0001) to select attitudinal constructs. The results indicate that the two ecological consumer behaviors (i.e., EA and CLR) are not predicted well by the attitudinal variables. Future research recommendations are presented.