关键词： 意识   脑电   心率变异性   小波包   近似熵  

摘要： 介绍了通过小波包能量和近似熵方法,研究了意识控制心率过程中头皮脑电活动和心率变异性的变化规律。实验结果表明,心率的减慢和加快可以通过意识活动对自主神经的主动调节进行控制,并且脑电活动的变化先于心率的变化。但是,这种控制与运动神经系统不同,因为不同的皮层位置分别与心率的减慢和加快相关联。中央前区与副交感神经活动相关,控制心率减慢,而中央后区与交感神经活动相关,控制心率加快。

关键词： Earthquake   disaster   sustainable recovery   risk assessment   disaster risk reduction   Pakistan   Kashmir  

摘要： The Chakhama Valley, a remote area in Pakistan-administered Kashmir, was badly damaged by the 7.6-magnitude earthquake that struck India and Pakistan on 8 October 2005. More than 5% of the population lost their lives, and about 90% of the existing housing was irreparably damaged or completely destroyed. In early 2006, the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) initiated a multisector, community-driven reconstruction program in the Chakhama Valley on the premise that the scale of the disaster required a response that would address all aspects of people's lives. One important aspect covered the promotion of disaster risk management for sustainable recovery in a safe environment. Accordingly, prevailing hazards (rockfalls, landslides, and debris flow, in addition to earthquake hazards) and existing risks were thoroughly assessed, and the information was incorporated into the main planning processes. Hazard maps, detailed site investigations, and proposals for precautionary measures assisted engineers in supporting the reconstruction of private homes in safe locations to render investments disaster resilient. The information was also used for community-based land use decisions and disaster mitigation and preparedness. The work revealed three main problems: (1) thorough assessment of hazards and incorporation of this assessment into planning processes is time consuming and often little understood by the population directly affected, but it pays off in the long run;(2) relocating people out of dangerous places is a highly sensitive issue that requires the support of clear and forceful government policies;and (3) the involvement of local communities is essential for the success of mitigation and preparedness.

关键词： 意识控制   机械手   新闻   研究人员   瘫痪患者   假肢   英国   手臂  

摘要： 英国每日邮报近日报道，英国的研究人员目前推出一项完全用意识控制机械假肢的全新技术，这个假肢具有完全可移动的肩部和肘部，灵敏的“钳子”可以模拟人类的手。目前，最新实验证实猴子通过大脑能够控制机械手臂向自己喂食。如果这项技术得以成功应用，这个类似机械手臂的假肢可以从根本上改变截肢者和瘫痪患者的生活。

关键词： 手术室护理   医疗纠纷   证据   意识  

摘要： 为了防止手术科室在发生医疗纠纷时,由于医疗证据缺失或不全而引起的举证不利,手术室护理人员必须从法律角度出发,通过提高法律意识、强化证据意识、规范护理行为等来控制医疗纠纷的发生率,保障医护人员及患者的利益。

关键词： 控制电脑   大脑   头盔   俄罗斯科学家   电脑屏幕  

摘要： 日前，俄罗斯科学家能够通过大脑意识控制电脑，该系统包括由电极形成的一个头盔和能够读取大脑脉冲并转换成为电脑屏幕字符的特殊程序。

关键词： 《英汉大词典》词典质量监控管理   词典质量监控意识   外部抓手  

摘要： 质量监控管理素来是现代词典项目管理中的灵魂性工作。在现代项目管理中,质量控制不纯粹是环节管理问题,而是复杂的系统管理问题,它至少涉及四个方面的工作:(1)质量监控意识的培养;(2)质量监控外部抓手;(3)质量监控内部管理;(4)项目激励机制的建立。本文只对前两个问题进行探讨。

关键词： 交通行为意识   交通安全意识   交通守法意识   交通秩序意识   建立与强化方法   行为控制  

摘要： 引用心理学中意识对行为的控制作用,简单描述了人的行为过程,得出行为意识对行为控制起到"总开关"的作用;指出增强交通行为意识是实现交通行为控制的有效手段;将交通行为意识分为3种,即交通安全意识、交通守法意识和交通秩序意识,依据心理学中意识建立和强化的一般方法提出了建立与增强3种交通行为意识的基本方法,包括教育、宣传、刺激、处罚、回报(包括自然回报和人为回报)及激励等6种方法。笔者提出的交通行为意识增强及激励的方法,为确保交通参与者的交通安全和进一步提高道路交通管理水平提供新的理论和方法依据。

关键词： depth of anaesthesia (DOA)   clinical gold standard   arterial blood pressure   generalized predictive control (GPC)   intelligent control   auditory evoked potentials (AEP)  

摘要： Much has been said and written about the 'monitoring' and 'control' of depth of anaesthesia (DOA) in the last three decades or so, so much that the theme itself is becoming rather cliche. This does not, in any way, mean that the subject is trivial or 'passe' but merely reinforces the fact that it is rather challenging and full of pitfalls since it can also form the ideal test-bed for hardware/software innovations relating to signal processing and closed-loop control. While this was taking place in the four corners of the world, the medical as well as the engineering research communities were learning more and more of how far they could stretch the boundaries of such technologies in clinical situations when it came to achieving 'adequate anaesthesia'. In order to explore the powerful dichotomy associated with monitoring and control this paper will attempt to take the reader on an exploration journey, which starts with a rather simplistic (conservative) approach to closed-loop control of DOA via the monitoring of arterial blood pressure (the clinical gold standard-CGS approach or part of) followed by the more involved 'route', which implicates the use of audio-evoked potentials, which are normally extracted from the EEG signals. In addition to highlighting the merits/limitations of the above two techniques, this paper will also identify a list of worthwhile pointers to future research in monitoring and control of DOA. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： 景观   景观社会   主流意识形态   控制  

摘要： 德波认为,随着科学技术的迅猛发展,资本主义社会已经进入媒介时代,传媒逐渐成为政治、经济、军事之外的第四种社会控制力量;景观不但是当代资产阶级意识形态的重要表现形式,而且已经将过去看不见的意识形态隐性霸权变成了看得见的虚假影像控制。目前,我国社会也已经出现了景观社会的诸多特征,人的生存境遇的影像化、虚拟化、娱乐化、消费化、世俗化、肤浅化,削弱、消解着人们对主流意识形态的认同。为实现党的奋斗目标,必须加强景观社会视域下主流意识形态控制的研究,努力探求实现主流意识形态控制的策略、方式方法。