关键词： Ce-PbO2/ZrO2 composite electrode   Stability   Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes   Acridine orange   Degradation mechanism  

摘要： Novel Ce-PbO2/ZrO2 composite electrodes were successfully fabricated in lead nitrate solution containing cerium ions and ZrO2 particles by composite electrodeposition method. SEM images and XRD results indicated that Ce-PbO2/ZrO2 composite electrodes have compact structure and fine grain size. Ce-PbO2/ZrO2 composite electrode has higher oxygen evolution overpotential and stability than Ce-PbO2 electrode. The service life of Ce-PbO2/ZrO2 composite electrode reaches 318 h, which is 4.2 times as that of Ce-PbO2 electrodes (74 h). The novel Ce-PbO2/ZrO2 composite electrode was employed as anode to decontaminate acridine orange (AO) by electrochemical oxidization methods. The effect of initial concentration of AO, current density, and initial pH values on the removal ratio of AO were analyzed. The results showed that AO could be completely removed after 90 min electrolysis under the optimal condition: initial AO concentration was 30 mg L-1, current density was 50 mA cm(-2), and the initial pH value was 5.0. Moreover, the possible degradation pathway of AO was elucidated based on the identification of stable byproducts generated during the electrochemical degradation process by HPLC-MS, which revealed that AO and its byproducts could be effectively eliminated and mineralized into CO2, H2O, ammonium and nitrate ions.

关键词： Diclofenac (DCF)   Carbamazepine (CBZ)   Amoxicillin (AMX)   Pharmaceuticals   Electro-membrane bioreactor (eMBR)   Membrane fouling   Fouling precursors  

摘要： This study investigates the removal of selected pharmaceuticals, as recalcitrant organic compounds, from synthetic wastewater using an electro-membrane bioreactor (eMBR). Diclofenac (DCF), carbamazepine (CBZ), and amoxicillin (AMX) were selected as representative drugs from three different therapeutic groups such as anti-inflammatory, anti-epileptic, and antibiotic, respectively. An environmentally relevant concentration (10g/L) of each compound was spiked into the synthetic wastewater, and then, the impact of appending electric field on the control of membrane fouling and the removal of conventional contaminants and pharmaceutical micropollutants were assessed. A conventional membrane bioreactor (MBR) was operated as a control test. A reduction of membrane fouling was observed in the eMBR with a 44% decrease of the fouling rate and a reduction of membrane fouling precursors. Humic substances (UV254), ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), and orthophosphate (PO4-P) showed in eMBR removal efficiencies up to 90.68 +/- 4.37, 72.10 +/- 13.06, and 100%, respectively, higher than those observed in the MBR. A reduction of DCF, CBZ, and AMX equal to 75.25 +/- 8.79, 73.84 +/- 9.24, and 72.12 +/- 10.11%, respectively, was found in the eMBR due to the enhanced effects brought by electrochemical processes, such as electrocoagulation, electrophoresis, and electrooxidation.

关键词： electrochemical deposition   nickel   detonation nanodiamond   phosphorus   modified nanodiamonds   microhardness   wear resistance  

摘要： Adding phosphorus-modified detonation nanodiamonds to a standard electrolyte solution for electrochemical nickel plating raises the coating microhardness up to 660 kg/mm(2), wear resistance by a factor of 8, and corrosion resistance up to 70-fold.

关键词： 清洁能源   电气化   社会发展   进程   现代工业文明   能源体系   国家主权   一次能源  

摘要： 一、引言作为现代社会发展进步的基石,能源在现代社会发展体系中占据着核心地位,通过构建现代能源体系,可以保障国家主权安全及百姓生活从煤炭时代到油气时代,每一次能源转型带来的都是社会的巨大进步。在现代社会能源体系中,电力已经占据了主导地位,通过电气化的发展给现代工业文明提供了源源不断的动力,可以这样讲,从工业时代让我们进入了电气化时代。

关键词： corrosion   electrode poisoning   solid oxide   interconnect   electrode   oxide scale  

摘要： Solid oxide electrochemical systems, such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC), and oxygen transport membranes (OTM) enable clean and reliable production of energy or fuel for a range of applications, including, but not limited to, residential, commercial, industrial, and grid-support. These systems utilize solid-state ceramic oxides which offer enhanced stability, fuel flexibility, and high energy conversion efficiency throughout operation. However, the nature of system conditions, such as high temperatures, complex redox atmosphere, and presence of volatile reactive species become taxing on solid oxide materials and limit their viability during long-term operation. Ongoing research efforts to identify the material corrosion and degradation phenomena, as well as discover possible mitigation techniques to extend material efficiency and longevity, is the current focus of the research and industrial community. In this review, degradation processes in select solid oxide electrochemical systems, system components, and comprising materials will be discussed. Overall degradation phenomena are presented and certain degradation mechanisms are discussed. State-of-the-art technologies to mitigate or minimize the above-mentioned degradation processes are presented.

关键词： 电气化   收购   EDI   进程   混合动力   领导者  

摘要： Cummins近日宣布收购可设计和生产混合动力及全电动解决方案的公司Efficient Drivetrains,Inc.（EDI）,这是Cummins致力成为全球电气化领导者的最新举措。十几年前,Cummins就已开始注重发展电气化的能力。

关键词： 自行车  

摘要： 电动自行车在欧洲的产量最终会超过传统自行车,虽然这一进程仍需要几年的时间。荷兰皇家自行车品牌Gazelle近日强调,自行车电气化发展的速度每年都在提升。Gazelle公司近期庆祝了其总产量突破1500万辆。Gazelle的年产量如今可达25万辆,其电动自行车产量一直都在增长。

关键词： pulse discharge technologies   high-voltage electrochemical explosion   limited volume chamber   gas-vapor cavity   sensor of force action efficiency   plate deflection  

摘要： Based on the experimental studies of the energy characteristics of a high-voltage electrochemical explosion (HVEE) in limited volumes, the use of a combined parameter that takes into account the characteristics of a limited volume, which, along with the electrophysical quantities E-0 and , determines the value of the specific energy efficiency of the exothermic compound during the HVEE in limited volumes, i.e., = f (, E-0, ), is proposed and proven. The general dependence of the relative value of the specific energy efficiency /(0) of the chosen exothermic compound during the HVEE in limited volume on the combined parameter is established and can be used in the calculation of the combined energy source with respect to the requirements of a particular technology.

关键词： Electrode materials   high-temperature alloys   microstructure   scanning electron microscopy  

摘要： Due to inherent properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, it is being used in the application of fuel injector nozzle for diesel engine, aerospace and marine industries. Since the electrochemical micromachining process involves the no heat-affected zone, no tool wear, stress- and burr-free process compared to other micromachining processes, it is widely used in the manufacturing field to fabricate complex shape and die. Hence, it is highly important to compute the optimum input parameters for enhancing the machining characteristics in such machining process. In this study, an attempt has been made to find the influence of the process parameters and optimize the parameters on machining alpha-beta titanium alloy using Taguchi-grey relational analysis. Since applied voltage, micro-tool feed rate, electrolyte concentration and duty cycle have vital role in the process, these parameters have been chosen as the input parameters to evaluate the performance measures such as material removal rate, surface roughness and overcut in this study. From the experimental results, it has been found that micro-tool feed rate has more influence due to its importance in maintaining inter electrode gap to avoid micro-spark generation. It has also been found that lower electrolyte concentration with lower duty cycle produces lower surface roughness with better circularity on machining alpha-beta titanium alloy. The optimum combination has been found using Taguchi-grey relational analysis and verified from confirmation test. It has also been inferred that the multi-response characteristics such as material removal rate, surface roughness and overcut can be effectively improved through the grey relational analysis.

关键词： 汽车产业   电气化   NSK公司   进程   新能源汽车   知名企业   轴承行业   北京车展  

摘要： 如今,全球车企纷纷加码电气化布局,全球汽车产业正在步入电气化时代.在此背景下,作为全球轴承行业的知名企业,NSK公司也已加入到这一阵营当中,在汽车电气化方面展开了一系列新产品的开发,引发业界关注.在近期举办的北京车展中,NSK公司首次展示了其应用于新能源汽车的带变速器的轮边电机（第二代）.